Essay --

There is a process in plant agriculture that scientists intentionally make a reverberation of a gene of a plant or organism and places it into another plant or organism. This produces what we call a Genetically Modified Organism (GMO) or sometimes known as genetically engineered food. The modifications of the genetics in plants, livestock, and other organisms go as far back as 10,000 years ago and all over time scientists hand over experimented with cross-breeding, researched how to create plants with desirable traits, and the first actual GMO was introduced to the market. There are currently eight crops commercially available from GMO in the United States. These crops take corn, cotton, soybeans, canola, alfalfa, sugar beets, papaya, and squash. There are several reasons as to why the crops are being genetically altered. Some of the reasons include making crops more resistant to disease, which ordain then result in a more efficient and higher production of crops, making them ta ste and look more appealing, and an abundance of other reasons. As of now, the labeling of Genetically Modified Organisms arent enforced. A major reason battalion would like foods who have been genetically modified to be denominate is because muckle sense they have the right to know what they are consuming. Some reasons why people are opposed to requiring the labeling of GMOs is because there are no significant differences amongst genetically modified foods and conventional foods. There are people who are in favor of genetically modified foods being labeled for consumers. If the foods that have been modified are labeled, they can inform the people purchasing and consuming them (Debatepedia, 2010). Various bacteria are being used when modifying foods and if taken into the bod... ...t need to be labeled as such. In my opinion, I think genetically modified foods should be labeled. If they label these foods and have nothing to hide, then there shouldnt be an issue. Yes, people ha ve the choice whether or not they would buy foods that have been modified, but I think its best to label them just so people can be in the know of what they are eating and then can make an informed choice. Also, if you are allergic to a certain food, or refuse to eat something due to ethical and religious values, you should be informed. As far as we know now, Genetically Modified Foods can serve no harm to us its just the principle of being informed and aware of what you are putting into your body. As citizens of the United States, I believe we have earned the right to know every ingredient that is in our foods because our health id very dependent on what we consume.

Influence and Creativity Essay -- Individuality Culture Media Essays

Influence and Creativity I relieve oneself a habit of nonicing redundancies in other people. Their personalities and their thoughts just seem so similar daughters trying to be bid mothers, or sons trying to be like fathers, or friends trying to be like each other. In my mind the sense of self that we as human beings have is more of a delusion than a reality, where we are zipper but the products of a multitude of influences throughout our lives. Did I ever have an original thought in my life? Or is it always close toone elses image that I am only repeating? What does it mean to be a human being without original thought and creativity? I talk like my friends do. I learned body language from my parents, stories from movies and books, perspectives on life from parents or philosophers or friends or teachers. Despite the myriad of thoughts that make up my personality, I savour as if I only absorbed my surroundings with no real personal creation. My parents keep asking me Who hav e you been hanging out with? Why do you act like this? as if they already know that the comments I make, or the movies I enjoy or any of my other sudden preferences and mannerisms are not my own. When we are young, the adults tell us that everyone is special, but how could I believe in this idea of personal creativity and uniqueness when there are so galore(postnominal) influences that I copy in my life?Of course, the term creativity is almost inherently ambiguous. What do I hope to achieve, or more specifically, what do I feel that I lack because of this supposed lack of personal creativity? When I think of creative minds, I imagine Pablo Picasso or Thomas Edison and the contributions they have made to society or the impact on our emotions. But fame or critical acclaim a... ...y mine. I dont see creativity as being some sort of individual contest that must be won as an indication of my uniqueness and verification of my or anyones human value. And although I dont think I fully und erstand the greater picture regarding the role of influence of creativity in my life and society, maybe the answer is not nearly as multiplex as it seems. Maybe creativity is a societal, collective shape in which everyone has a role. I like to think that the point of creativity and the creative process is not to individually labor over the seminal work of the century, or to painstakingly differentiate ones self from others.Creativity should be about the pure employment of having been involved, influencing others and being influenced, combining ideas and preserving those that speak to us, discovering and appreciating all that which is greater than ourselves.

Historical Account of African-Americans Seeking the American Dream Essa

Historical Account of African-Americans Seeking the American DreamThe American Dream began as a hallucination for the men who framed the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of the United States of America. These two documents provided the foundation upon which the American Dream was built. The reality of the American Dream translated into a nightmare for the African-Americans who had to overcome slavery in order to achieve the ideal that all men are created equally. Their dream did not become a reality with the sign of the Declaration of Independence in fact, even after slavery was abolished, there was no concrete date established that mandated that whites and African-Americans were equal. The law said the slaves were free however, company did not consider them equals. The African-American writers utilize the American Dream in their works, but they seem to use it in an interesting manner connecting to the then(prenominal) in order to realize their future. The slave n arratives outline dreams of freedom and often provide insight into the horrors of slavery, while more contemporary writers use the dream to connect to their characters past and the horrors in their lives in order to realize their future. The founding fathers of the United States of America crystalized this country with a dream. Their dream was a vision of the things they cute in life and for their country, which was memorialized in the form of the Declaration of Independence. The architects that built this country dreamed that all men would be considered equals and that they are endowed by their precedent with certain inalienable rights including life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness (Jefferson, 729). The original version of this dream, found in ... ...ument, which made this declaration. The American Dream is a real part of our civilisation and the dream seems to be a strong theme in the African-American literary canon. Works Cited Bradley, David. The Chaneysville Inci dent. New York Harper & Row, 1981. Brent, Linda. Incidents in the Life of a hard worker Girl. The Classic break ones back Narratives. Ed. Henry Louis Gates, Jr. New York Penguin Group, 1987. Douglass, Frederick. Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass. The Classic Slave Narratives. Ed. Henry Louis Gates, Jr. New York Penguin Group, 1987. Equiano, Olaudah. The Life of Olaudah Equiano. The Classic Slave Narratives. Ed. Henry Louis Gates, Jr. New York Penguin Group, 1987. King, Jr., Martin Luther. I Have a Dream. Lincoln Memorial, Washington, D.C. 28 August 1963. Morrison, Toni. Song of Solomon. New York The Penguin Group, 1977.

Anesthesiology Essay -- essays research papers

The work of an anesthesiologist is fulfilling with many benefits. A person would desire to become an anesthesiologist because there is a high type of excellence due to a low percentage of doctors in this special field, not to mention the high salary. This occupation benefits the doctor through a tactile property of personal gratification while receiving a great education. The community benefits through his or her help relieving the pain accompanied by surgery. Becoming an anesthesiologist involves coarse education and training, while also having many requirements and a good salary range. Anesthesiology, the medical field dealing with anesthesia and related matters, including recovery and pain, developed as a specialized field because of the dangers of anesthesia. Anesthesia involves the use of carefully graduated doses of strong poisons to deaden pain. Gradually surgeons and physicians saw anesthesiologists as tools to broaden the surgical horizons by allowing surgeries seen as i nconceivable to be performed. Anesthesiology entails the practice of medicine associated withThe caution of procedures for rendering a patient insensible to pain and emotional stress during surgical, obstetrical, and certain new(prenominal) medical procedures. The support of life functions under the stress of anesthetic and surgical manipulations, and the clinical management of the unconscious patient, while managing problems in pain relief. Along with the management of problems in cardiac and respiratory...

History Of Robotics :: Essays Papers

History Of RoboticsVision What will robots hold for us in the prox?Objective Learn about the history of roboticsGoal Inform my readers about the history of roboticsTask Researching the history of robotics and reporting on this topic.Theres no precise definition, but by general agreement, a robot is a programmable machine that imitates the actions or appearance of an intelligent creatureusually a human. To alter as a robot, a machine has to be able to get information from its surroundings and do something physicalsuch as move or manipulate objects. The word robot comes from the Czech word robota, which means drudgery or slave-like labor. the word was first used to describe fabricated workers in a fictional 1920s play by Czech author Karel Capek called Rossums Universal Robots. During the play, a scientist invents robots to help people by performing simple, repetitive tasks. However, formerly the robots are used to fight wars, they turn on their human owners and take over the world. If you think robots are mainly the thing you see in aloofness movies, think again. Right now, all over the world, robots are on the move doing various tasks. They are painting cars at Ford plants, assembling Milano cookies for Pepperidge Farms, locomote into live volcanoes, driving trains in Paris , and defusing bombs in Northern Ireland . As they grow tougher, nimbler, and smarter, todays robots are doing more and more things humans cant do, or in many cases, wouldnt want to do anyway. Robots have been around for less than fifty years, but the idea of metal creations that do our bidding is much older. The ancient Greek poet Homer described maidens of gold, mechanical helpers built by Hephaistos, the Greek god of metal smiths. The golems of medieval Jewish romance were robot-like servants made of clay, brought to life by a spoken charm. In 1495, Leonardo da Vinci drew plans for a mechanical man. However, real robots wouldnt become realistic until the 1950s and 1960s, with the invention of transistors and integrated circuits. Compact, reliable electronics and a growing computer industry added brains to already existing machines. In 1959, researchers demonstrated the possibility of robotic manufacturing when they unveiled a computer-controlled milling machine that made ashtrays. Public fascination with robotics peaked in the early 1980s, spurred in part by movies like Star Wars, which featured robots C3-PO and R2-D2 as helpful sidekicks to human masters.

History Of Robotics :: Essays Papers

History Of RoboticsVision What will robots hold for us in the early?Objective Learn about the history of roboticsGoal Inform my readers about the history of roboticsTask Researching the history of robotics and reporting on this topic.Theres no precise definition, but by general agreement, a robot is a programmable machine that imitates the actions or appearance of an intelligent creatureusually a human. To delineate as a robot, a machine has to be able to get information from its surroundings and do something physicalsuch as move or manipulate objects. The word robot comes from the Czech word robota, which means drudgery or slave-like labor. the word was first used to describe fabricated workers in a fictional 1920s play by Czech author Karel Capek called Rossums Universal Robots. During the play, a scientist invents robots to help people by performing simple, repetitive tasks. However, at one time the robots are used to fight wars, they turn on their human owners a nd take over the world. If you think robots are mainly the thing you see in berth movies, think again. Right now, all over the world, robots are on the move doing various tasks. They are painting cars at Ford plants, assembling Milano cookies for Pepperidge Farms, walk of life into live volcanoes, driving trains in Paris , and defusing bombs in Northern Ireland . As they grow tougher, nimbler, and smarter, todays robots are doing more and more things man cant do, or in many cases, wouldnt want to do anyway. Robots have been around for less than fifty years, but the idea of metal creations that do our bidding is much older. The ancient Greek poet Homer described maidens of gold, mechanical helpers built by Hephaistos, the Greek god of metal smiths. The golems of medieval Jewish figment were robot-like servants made of clay, brought to life by a spoken charm. In 1495, Leonardo da Vinci drew plans for a mechanical man. However, real robots wouldnt become achievable until the 1950 s and 1960s, with the invention of transistors and integrated circuits. Compact, reliable electronics and a growing computer industry added brains to already existing machines. In 1959, researchers demonstrated the possibility of robotic manufacturing when they unveiled a computer-controlled milling machine that made ashtrays. Public fascination with robotics peaked in the early 1980s, spurred in part by movies like Star Wars, which featured robots C3-PO and R2-D2 as helpful sidekicks to human masters.

Principles Of Implementing Duty Essay

1. Explain what it means to have a transaction of care in own work roleDuty of care is a emergency that a someone act toward others and the public with watchfulness, attention, caution and prudence that a reasonable soulfulness in the circumstances would. If a persons actions do not meet this standard of care, then the acts are considered negligent, and any damages resulting may be claimed in a lawsuit for negligence2. Explain how duty of care contributes to the safeguarding or protection of individuals Duty of care contributes to the safeguarding of individuals because as a neighborly care worker you are responsible to Recognise physical, emotional and psychological needs of individuals by understanding what is required for health and well-being, to observe and record indicators of differences and changes and to show empathy and support. Anticipate danger and manage risks by carrying out assessments, avoiding hazards and carrying out health and safety checks Intervene and su pport in the event of illness and injury by carrying out send-off aid, seek help or advice, communicate with health professionals and relatives and report to appropriate authority3. Describe potential conflicts or dilemmas that may arise between the duty of care and an individuals rightsSometimes individuals may want to do something which could be a risk to their Health and safety. As a care assistant you have a duty of care to that person and you must do all that you can to keep them safe but you also have a duty to respect the individuals rights and choice, so you have a dilemma. It could be that the individual no longer wishes to use her walking frame,but her care plan states that she needs it to move from shopping centre to place and you are to ensure you encourage its use. In this scenario you could carry out a risk assessment to ensure that it is managed as safely as viable.You would need to explicate the risks involved to the individual and make sure they understand. You could come to a compromise, to use a stick for a while instead, to see how they managed, then monitor the situation. every last(predicate) this should be documented including any risk assessment carried out. If the individual still insists on walking unaided you should get them to sign to say they are sensitive of the risks involved.4. Describe how to manage risks associated with conflicts or dilemmas between an individuals rights and the duty of careThere are many ways to manage risks associated with conflicts and dilemmasAllowing individuals to explore with guidance, fashioning individuals aware of potential hazards and dangers,Allowing individuals to acquire life skills through learning how to cope with risky situations,Staff ignorance,Parents are a risk to staff if reported to social services.5. Explain where to get additional support and advice about conflicts and dilemmasColleaguesthe persons family and friendsGPCare professionalsAdvocatesUnion officialRegulators6. Describe how to respond to bangslistening to the complaintgiving the complainant time and respectrecording the informationreporting to a senior member of staffaccessing the Complaints form _or_ system of governmentensuring the complainant has access to the ComplaintsPolicy ensuring the complainant knows what give happen next.Responding to complaints, whether make by a parent or a staff colleague, you should always keep professional and listen to what the person has to say. You should keep calm and by being respectful and apologising when necessary which helps to diffuse potential conflict. Complaints need to be resolved as quickly as possible and constructively to avoid creating a bad atmosphere for all those involved. When responding to a complaint, it is important to listen to the other persons point of view. You should avoid qualification personal comments and focus on the facts throughout. Always apologise if you are wrong and explain how you will resolve the situation.7. Explain the main points of agreed surgical operations for handling complaintsThe Complaints indemnity is a recorded and documented procedure that is available. The complainant is listened to and respected.The Complaints Policy is time-based and the complaint is dealt with in a documented time-frame. Complaints are normally dealt with by nominated members of staff. The procedure is clearIf a member of staff or a parent wishes to make a complaint they should discuss their complaint with the setting leader first where most complaints can be resolved quickly. If the parent or member of staff is not happy with the outcome they should then put their complaint in writing to the setting leader who can then pass the details onto the owner or chairperson of a committee run setting. The setting will look into the complaint and once they have come to a conclusion the setting leader can arrange a meeting with the person who made the complaint to discuss the outcome. If the person is still not happy with the outcome they can ask for a win meeting with the setting leader and the owner or chairperson where they can also invite a representative. They can then all meet up to try and come to a conclusion.Everything at this meeting will be noted and recorded. If the complaint can still not be resolved at this meeting then a further meeting can be made where an external mediator is invited.

Perfect Competition

faultless Competition Ineconomic theory,perfect ambitiondescribes grocerys such that no participants ar large enough to bedevil the securities industry powerto set the charge of a homogeneous produce. Because the conditions for perfect rival argon strict, there are fewer if any utterly competitive securities industrys. Still, buyers and sellers in someauction-type markets, say forcommoditiesor some financial assets, may approximate the concept. Perfect arguing serves as a benchmark against which to measure real-life andliberally competitivemarkets.Gener eachy, a perfectly competitive market exists when every participant is a price taker, and no participant influences the price of the crop it buys or sells. Specific characteristics may include * Infinite buyers and sellers An infinite telephone come of consumers with the willingness and ability to buy the product at a certain price, and infinite producers with the willingness and ability to supply the product at a certa in price. * Zero approach and exit barriers A lack of foundation and exit barriers makes it extremely easy to enter or exit a perfectly competitive market. Perfect factor mobility In the considerable runfactors of businessare perfectly mobile, allowing free long term adjustments to changing market conditions. * Perfect information All consumers and producers are assumed to have perfect fellowship of price, utility, quality and production methods of products. * Zero transaction embodys Buyers and sellers do not incur costs in making an exchange of goods in a perfectly competitive market. * Profit maximization Firms are assumed to sell where bare(a) costs meet marginal revenue, where the most profit is generated. Homogenous products The qualities and characteristics of a market good or service do not vary between different suppliers. * Non-increasing returns to scale The lack of increasing returns to scale (or economies of scale) ensures that there will unceasingly be a suffic ient number of firms in the industry. * Property rights Well defined property rights determine what may be sold, as well as what rights are conferred on the buyer. In the short run, perfectly-competitive markets are notproductively efficientas output will not occur where marginal cost is equal to average cost (MC=AC).They areallocatively efficient, as output will always occur wheremarginal costis equal tomarginal revenue(MC=MR). In the long run, perfectly competitive markets are both allocatively and productively efficient. In perfect disputation, any profit-maximizing producer faces amarket priceequal to itsmarginal cost(P=MC). This implies that a factors price equals the factors marginal revenue product. It allows for derivation of the supply curve on which the neoclassical approach is based. This is also the reason why a monopoly does not have a supply curve.The abandonment of price taking creates considerable difficulties for the demonstration of a general equilibrium except u nder(a) other, very specific conditions such as that of monopolistic competition. By definition a perfectly competitive market is one in which no single firm has to influence either the equilibrium price of the market or the the total criterion supplied in the market. Thus, a firm operating in a competitive market has no incentive to supply at a price lower than market equilibrium price, as it can sell all it wants to supply at equilibrium.At the similar time, the firm cannot sell at price higher than the market price, because it will be able find no buyers at that price, and its sales volume will drop down to zero. Thus, a firm operating in perfectly competitive market has to accept whatever is the market equilibrium price, and therefore it is called a price taker. In contrast, a monopoly firm is the only supplier in the market and therefore has full control over the market prices and total market supplies.Therefore, a firm operating in a monopoly market fixes its price in such a way that for the quantity demanded by customers at that market price the marginal revenue of the firm is equal to its marginal costs. In this way way it decides the market price as well as the total quantity if a commodity supplied in the market, and therefore it is called a price maker. Imperfect Competition Ineconomic theory, irregular competitionis the competitive situation in any market where the sellers in the market sell different/dissimilar of goods, (haterogenous) that does not meet the conditions of perfect competition.Forms of imperfect competition include * Monopoly, in which there is only one seller of a good. * Oligopoly, in which there are few sellers of a good. * Monopolistic competition, in which there are many sellers producing highly differentiated goods. * Monopsony, in which there is only one buyer of a good. * Oligopsony, in which there are few buyers of a good. * Information asymmetrywhen one competitor has the advantage of more or better information. There may also be imperfect competition due to a time lag in a market. An example is the jobless recovery.There are many growth opportunities available after a recession, but it takes time for employers to react, leading to highunemployment. High unemployment decreases wages, which makes hiring more attractive, but it takes time for new jobs to be created. A type ofmarket that does not lick under the rigid rules of perfect competition. Perfect competition implies an industry or market in which no one supplier can influence prices, barriers to entry and exit are small, all suppliers offer the same goods, there are a large number of suppliers and buyers, and information on pricing and process is quickly available.Forms of imperfect competition include monopoly, oligopoly, monopolistic competition, monopsony and oligopsony. Pure Competition Pure Competitionis a market situation where there is a large number of independent sellers offering identical products. Pure competition is a term for an industry where competition isstagnant and relatively non competitive. Companies within the pure competition category have little control of price or distribution of product. Advertising, market research, and product development play a very little role in these companies/industries.Amarketcharacterized by a largenumberof independentsellersof standardizedproducts, freeflowof information, andfree entryandexit. Each seller is a price taker earlier than a price maker. Also sometimes referred to asperfect competition,purecompetitionis a situation in which the market for a product is populated with so many consumers and producers that no one entity has the ability to influence the price of the product sufficiently to cause a fluctuation.Within this type of market setting, sellers are considered to be price takers, indicating that they are not in a position to set the price for their products outside a certain range, given the fact that so many other producers are active within the mark et. At the same time, consumers have little influence over the prices offered by the producers, since there is no shady group of consumers that dominates the demand. In reality,purecompetitionis moretheorythan actual fact.While there are rare situations in which a marketplace functions withpurecompetitionfor a short period of time, the situation normally shifts as various factors change the stalemate created by a multiplicity of sellers and buyers. This is often due to the about stringent set of factors that must be present in order for thecompetitionto be considered perfect orpure. There are several of the essence(p) characteristics that definepurecompetition. One has to do with the balance of buyers to sellers.When there is an infinite number of buyers who are willing to purchase the products offered for sale by an infinite number of producers, at a certain price, the opportunity for anyone to take actions that shift the market price is extremely limited. The price remains more or less the same, and the same number of buyers purchase the products from the same range of producers. Withpurecompetition, sellers can easily exit or enter the marketplace, without creating any undue influence on the price. Consumers keep on to make purchases at the same rate, even if two companies leave the market and only one new one enters.The collective producers who are still in the market simply continue to produce enough products to meet consumer demand, without a shift in market price. Businesses engaged in apurecompetitionmarket usually structure production so that they incur marginal costs at a level where they can earn the most profit. When the product line is homogeneous, this means the products produced are essentially the same as the product line produced by othersuppliersin the marketplace. Assuming the costs are in line withmarginal revenue, the business can generate a consistent profit for as long as the condition ofpurecompetitionis present in the market.

Assignment in Sales Management Essay

1. What is Sales Management?-Sales management is a business discipline which is foc enjoymentd on the practical application of sales techniques and the management of a tights sales operations. It is an important business function as net sales through the sale of products and service and resulting profit drive most moneymaking(prenominal) business.2. What is salesmanship?-Salesmanship is a personal action or effort on the p art of an individual which is intended to bring about the sale of the earnests for sale. More broadly speaking, salesmanship is the art of selling something to somebody, and everything which contributes to the consummation of this exchange is necessarily a part of salesmanship. salesmanship is the Practice of investigating and satisfying customer of necessity through a process that is efficient, fair, sincere, inversely beneficial, and aimed at long-term productive relationship.3. What are the selling mix?-The marketing mix and the 4 Ps of marketing are often used as synonyms for each former(a). In fact, they are not necessarily the same thing. Marketing mix is a general phrase used to describe the different kinds of choices organizations direct to make in the whole process of bringing a product or service to market. The 4 Ps is one way probably the best-known way of defining the marketing mix, and was first expressed in 1960 by E J McCarthy. The 4Ps areProduct (or Service)PlacePricePromotionA good way to understand the 4 Ps is by the questions that you need to ask todefine you marketing mix. Here are some questions that will service of process you understand and define each of the four elements Product/ServiceWhat does the customer want from the product/service? What needs does it satisfy? What features does it have to meet these needs?Are there any features youve missed out?Are you including costly features that the customer wont actually use? How and where will the customer use it?What does it look like? How will customers experie nce it?What size(s), color(s), and so on, should it be?What is it to be called?How is it branded?How is it differentiated versus your competitors?What is the most it croupe cost to provide, and still be exchange sufficiently profitably? PlaceWhere do buyers look for your product or service?If they look in a store, what kind? A specialist dress shop or in a supermarket, or both? Or online? Or direct, via a catalogue? How can you access the right distribution channels?Do you need to use a sales force? Or attend trade fairs? Or make online submissions? Or send samples to catalogue companies? What do you competitors do, and how can you learn from that and/or differentiate? PriceWhat is the value of the product or service to the buyer?Are there established price points for products or services in this area? Is the customer price sensitive? Will a small decrease in price gain you extra market conduct? Or will a small increase be indiscernible, and so gain you extra profit margin? What discounts should be offered to trade customers, or to other specific segments of your market? How will your price compare with your competitors?PromotionWhere and when can you get across your marketing messages to your target market? Will you reach your consultation by advertising in the press, or on TV,or radio, or on billboards? By using direct marketing mailshot? Through PR? On the Internet? When is the best time to promote? Is there seasonality in the market?Are there any wider environmental issues that suggest or dictate the time of your market launch, or the timing of subsequent promotions? How do your competitors do their promotions? And how does that influence your choice of promotional activity? The 4Ps model is just one of many marketing mix lists that have been developed over the years.And, whilst the questions we have listed above are key, they are just a subset of the detailed probing that may be necessitate to optimize your marketing mix. Amongst the other marketing mix models have been developed over the years is Boom and Bitners 7Ps, sometimes called the extended marketing mix, which embroil the first 4 Ps, plus people, processes and physical layout decisions.Another marketing mix approach is Lauterborns 4Cs, which presents the elements of the marketing mix from the buyers, rather than the sellers, perspective. It is do up of Customer needs and wants (the equivalent of product), Cost (price), Convenience (place) and Communication (promotion). In this article, we focus on the 4Ps model as it is the well-recognized, and contains the core elements of a good marketing mix.4. What is marketing and sales strategy?Marketing strategy is defined by Prophets David Aaker as a process that can drop out an organization to concentrate its resources on the optimal opportunities with the goals of increasing sales and achieving a sustainable competitive advantage.1 Marketing strategy includes all basic and long-term activities in the field of marketing th at deal with the analysis of the strategic initial situation of a company and the formulation, evaluation and selection of market-oriented strategies and therefore contributes to the goals of the company and its marketing objectives.2

Learning team charter

What are the general expectations for all members of the squad? Sarah Dowling- It is our goal as a team to work collaboratively to take in all members thoughts, ideas, and input are shared, discussed, considered, and incorporated into the learning team assignments and projects.It is peoples duty to be accountable for is or her individual portion of the project and to strive to do their personal best. As a group we will seek out opportunities within each others strengths to improve our quality of work and assist those team members who may struggle to do so. In the event disagreement occurs between cohorts in regards to any one idea, including but not limited to substance, quality, or timeline of work submitted, team members will vote to decide if the individual/ idea will continue to work with the group or project.Each member must be committed to the teams pedantic achievement and success. Expectations for Time Management and Involvement (Participation, communication with the team , accessibility, etc. ) Sarah Dowling- Our team will communicate frequently via e-mail and phone, as well as out front and after class. Team members agree to attend all meetings in whichever method possible. All persons must complete their portion of the agreed upon work in a timely manner that shall be determined by the group as a whole.

Human Linguistics and the Importance of Second Language Learning in Modern Living Essay

manner of plowing is among the most basic necessities for a person to live. Be it thru oral or written communication, it is innate in all(prenominal) person to connect with the world. As the world be come abouts much complicated with wholly the things that are written about speech, language, and communication in general, it reveals itself as an indispensible part of human life. Now, it implicates more call for than the usual. The basic need for understanding and being understood has branched out to issues about global interconnectedness, political and scotch dealings, and cultural relations among others.And it continues to take on several eccentrics in nation-building and for the promotion of social mobility and employment. The advent of technology only makes it even harder for plurality to stop communicating with the rest of the populace. There is a wide variety of languages in the world right now. Biologists perusal communication among living beings in general may thi nk that every last(predicate) are relatively minor variations on the single theme of human language (Anderson, 2005).But from the point of view of a linguistics expert, the variations in types of conviction construction, pronunciation, and other rules governing languages are very important battles that imply ca examples yet undiscovered. These examples delineate the function of the biologists view of communication and the linguists of the same process. It is true indeed that on that point are more than one fashions to look at something plainly seeing the communication process through different lenses provide more a single way to understand the phenomena. In doing so, hoi polloi are equal to(p) to form a holistic view of the process of communication and how it affects human life.The voice of Human Language At this point, language takes on bigger roles which may affect greater humanity. From simply being a medium of sharing how people think of or feel as of the moment, it has become rather an important part of creating human identity. And with the individual identities created by language, it becomes the precursor in creating a field identity (through the shared identities of many individuals living in the same geographical location). People might begin to wonder why human identity? These may be two separate ideas but in fact they are closely related to each(prenominal) other.Language is directly related to the person and his area of origin. We were given the basic knowledge that those who announce Chinese came from China, people who speak Russian are from Russia, and so on. When our ancestors devised names for the different languages around the world, the name of the verdant speaking that language was used to identify the language spoken. It might non have any implication during those times and was only done to make things easier for people to remember. But now that people have taken the time to analyze the effect of this naming convention, langu age has indeed become instrumental to creating identity for people.The customary notion of people having a language, which is equated to belonging to an origin group (Urciuoli, 1995) is perfectly logical. But then again, because of the proliferation of outside(prenominal) language studies, specific languages tricknot be undivided to hardly one place or sphere any more. In particular proposition, English is not only for the people in England or America. English varieties have come about which decentralized the use of the language. While language origins can still be identified, other nationalities already have the capacity to speak the same. This concept allow for be discussed further in the latter pages.Human Beings in Terms of a Speaker of a Language Unique to Them Being able to speak a language means mastering the abstractions of the language codes. Semantics, as the study of signs, is an important tradition of thought in communication possibleness (Stephen W, 2008). a gr eat deal times, the theory of semantics are used to explain why words are not really the images that we think of but are rather representation of truth. The meaning is helter-skelter assigned (What is Language, 2006). Therefore, the speaker of a particular language is a person who was able to understand and make sense of the abstraction.This abstraction contributes to the creation of the persons perception and language skills. And if you pull up stakes notice, the primary language that a person learned is vital in the subsequent languages that he will study. For example, native Korean speakers might be able to study and speak the English language but often times they are not able to eliminate the e sound after every English word they say. This only proves that the prior language learned by a non-native English speaker is able to cast subsequent languages studied throughout his lifetime.Notwithstanding the presence of Language Acquisition Devices, a person may or may not be winni ng in learning a new language but if he is then the prior influence will be evident in the new learned language. The Role of atomic number 16/ strange Language Foreign language becomes even more important now that the world is geared towards globalization. With much plan effort to adopt a common language, which is English as of the moment, all other countries strive to educate their citizens in communicating using that exotic language. marshall McLuhan was the first person to popularize the concept of a global village and to consider its social effects (Stewart, 2010). Those who fail to value this effort do not acknowledge the fact that in the global village, the barrier-less communication paves the way for three phenomena 1. Global information dissemination for improved understanding between nations. 2. It is also the clasp of cultures other than your own. 3. Aids in the self-actualization of the second language learner. The first phenomenon is plain and simple.If you are goi ng to look at the job of the ambassadors, it looks as if its all prestige and fun. In fact, it is predominantly driven by hard work. It is extremely difficult to make great relationships with other countries because there will always be a reason to be skeptical of something you are not familiar with. That is the reason why ambassadors find time to learn the language of the countries where they will be assigned because insisting on speaking a different language might take its toll upon the relations of the ambassadors country to the country of assignment.The second phenomena are also something simple which has profound implications at the end of the day. Reasons for Speaking Foreign Language Using the logic that language is culture, learning other language is therefore a way to expose ones self to another group of peoples way of living. As you eat up yourself in the language, the culture goes with it and in a matter of months the foreign language learner will know whether he likes and would want to continue studying that foreign language. The satisfaction As of today, learning a foreign language has become a necessity.It doesnt have to be a dominant language for it to be learned by anyone. Although English has become a very popular language to study (considering the political and economic influence of the United States to the rest of the world), studying the language of a small country with not much of an influence to the world can happen because of various reasons. For one, travelling often to a particular place would make a person want to study the language of the person. Or probably, a person who plans to study or work abroad needs to learn the language of the country first before he is cleared at the immigration office.And still, there are underlying reasons behind this. It is probably caused by the need to communicate in the native tongue of the people in that country. Communicating through their native language lends them the feeling of being part of th e place. Whereas, not knowing the language alienates the personit becomes obvious that he is an outsider because he doesnt know how to speak the language. Another reason for studying a foreign language is to increase the cultural capital of a person. This concept was proposed by Pierre Bourdieu, a French sociologist.He argued that these advantages stem from the institutionalization of criteria of evaluation in schools which are favorable to a particular class or classes (Bourdieu, 1977). It must be noted that a couple of decades back, learning a second language is exclusive for those in the upper class of the social trianglebeing able to speak another language becomes a status symbol. But that was true in the past years. Nowadays, there are many ways for a person to learn another language without having to spend a lot of money. One way is by subscribing to free online language tutorials.Nevertheless, even if this language skill is already available to most people, the concept of cul tural capital is still there. And the person who knows more languages has the advantage. A rather intrinsic motivation for learning a new language is the appreciation of that particular language and the culture that is associated with it. Adopting this kind of perspective will make the process of learning a language enjoyable and less results-oriented (Tender, 2008). The motivational approach of this kind of learning allows the second language learner to appreciate the value of the language prior to learning it.It is rather encouraging for the person to learn the language continuously because the benefit is achieved intrinsically. The Role of the Second Language teacher Apparently, there are benefits and advantages to those who take the time to explore the language of a culture different than their own (What is the Importance of Learning a Second Language? ). And whatever these benefits and advantages are, it is the duty of the second language teacher to make his/her students realiz e it. The role of a second language teacher takes on a dungeon role which motivates the student every step of the way.By doing so, the students therefore realize the importance of what they are doing and will adopt a learning mechanism in which the rewards are rather intrinsic. It is also not enough for the second language teacher to stop at article of belief grammar and syntax rules. More important than teaching the language is teaching them why they wanted to study the language in the first place. Often times, those teachers who elicit a compelling need for their students to study the language are the ones who are most successful with their teaching career.They do not stop at the superficial level of teaching a language but rather delve on the subjective inferences of asking the question why. Also, like any other teacher, a second language teacher is an element of change. The author says that these people are agents of change because they are able to arm the students with the r ight kind of knowledge to face the global village. A person who knows how to speak a language other than his native tongue is able to communicate more effectively. And by doing so, they are also able to spur changes in their surroundings. read that a foreign exchange student is well adept at using the language of his/her host country. That student is empowered to make a difference in the lives of his host family and host institution by sharing his thoughts and ideals through the language used in that place. And he/she will only be able to do so if his/her foreign language teacher was able to act as an agent of change to the student. As a final word, different teachers can assume different roles in different situations.It may be that at one point a teacher is task-oriented (meaning the teacher is focused on how each activity or lesson will improve the language skills of the students). Another is that the teacher can also be a counselor or a cuss which are both supportive in nature. Their mindset is to join the students along the way and help them as if they are both on the same ground. Lastly, the motivational teacher is focused on how he will be able to create more value out of the students learning experience. Often times, the motivational teacher does not teach the language concepts in isolation with the benefits and necessity of learning such.These two ideas are intertwined to create more significance for every lesson. As of today, we are still on the lookout for teachers who are able to balance the different facets of teaching roles. But generally, all the teachers are preoccupied with task-related functions, treating the sentiment of motivation and interpersonal roles as a useful but not an indispensable addition (The role of the foreign language teacher in the schoolroom the teachers beliefs and role behavior versus the students expectations. , 2002) ConclusionUltimately, language will be an important part of our lives. No matter what differences wil l come about in the forthcoming years it will continue to become the medium by which people are to express their thoughts and ideas. Moreover, this will significantly increase the need for people to use language in nation-building purposes and for the betterment of the society where they belong to. Bibliography Anderson, S. R. (2005, April). How Many Languages are There in the World? Retrieved July 10, 2010, from Linguistics Society of America http//www. lsadc.org/info/pdf_files/howmany. pdf Andrea A. Lunsford, j. J. (2001). Everythings an Argument. Massachusetts Bedford St. Martins. Bourdieu, P. (1977). Cultural Reproduction and Social Reproduction. New York Oxford University Press. Davis, W. (1952). Practical World Language. The Science News-letter , 10-11. Met, M. (n. d. ). Improving Students capacity on Learning Foreign Language. Phi Delta Kappan , 214-218. Mulford, G. W. (1989). Semantic Processing for Communicative Exercises in Foreign-Language Learning . Computers and the Hu manities , 31-44. Rampton, B. (2002).Ritual and Foreign Language Practices at School . Language in Society , 491-525. Stephen W, L. K. (2008). Theories of Human Communication. California Thomson Wadsworth. Stevens, G. (1999). Age at Immigration and Second Language Proficiency among Foreign-Born Adults. Language in Society , 555-578. Stewart, B. (2010, March 13). Marshall McLuhan Foresees The Global Village. Retrieved July 9, 2010, from brio Internet http//www. livinginternet. com/i/ii_mcluhan. htm Tender, A. M. (2008). About The Linguistic Constitution of Social Space The Case of Estonia.TRAMES , 151-182. The role of the foreign language teacher in the classroom the teachers beliefs and role behavior versus the students expectations. (2002). Studia Anglica Posnaniensia international review of English Studies . Urciuoli, B. (1995). Language and Borders. Annual Review of Anthropology , 525-546. What is Language. (2006, August 31). Retrieved July 9, 2010, from Language and Culture ht tp//anthro. palomar. edu/language/language_2. htm What is the Importance of Learning a Second Language? (n. d. ).

Case Study Of Westminster Company Essay

There be three alternatives which come to view for consideration by the Westminster Company in term of logistical adjustments. The first option would be to consolidate its w arehouses. The second option is to make use of public warehouses and the third option would be to have secret warehouses. All the options have advantages and disadvantages which should be considered before a decision is made on the best type of wareho employ that should be adopted by the company. outline consolidation for the Westminster Company would result in easy gain of economies of transportation. This is because it would be easy to gather truckloads to and from the centers of distribution. This will lower both the customer freight as well as the transfer costs. The effects of warehouse consolidation have some great impacts on the costs of transportation. Firstly, it would reduce the inventory carrying costs. This will be as a result of the reduction of duplication of effort and use of better facilities . There would also be an improvement on order gratify rates. This will be achieved because the inventory will distributed from fewer locations of storage.Moreover, the number of freight transfers needed to meet the demands of the customer would be considerably reduced. System consolidation would wherefore result in great savings in terms of costs. Another advantage of using the consolidated system is that it offers greater opportunities for large volumes of shipment using trucks. The consolidated system also makes it possible to practice mixed shipment. The large volumes of shipment would mean that in that respect would be need for fewer shipments, each carrying a large quantity. This would improve the economies of scale. There are also some disadvantages of the consolidated system. There are some customers who feel comfortable when the stores are near them. Consolidating the warehouses would add-on the distance from some customers. This whitethorn pose a challenge on the time ta ken to deliver the customers. The distance from the distribution centers would be longer and may result in a considerable increase in the cost of transportation.The other alternative is public warehousing. In this form of warehousing, the first advantage is that there is no need for fixed investment. The quality of performance is also considerably high. The first disadvantage of this system is that the variable costs involved are considerably high. Secondly, when handling products of high volume, one must incur high costs in terms of storage and handling. The third option is private warehousing. It is easy to report withthis type of warehousing when handling products which have uncertain nature in terms of their sales. However, this option would not be the best for Westminster products since they are health products which are in demand throughout the year.Use of third party warehousing and transfer would result into higher inventory costs. However, in case there are no fixed invest ments, the inventory costs would be considerably reduced. One of the advantages of third party warehousing is that since specialists are involved, the service provided is usually better at a lower cost. In terms of cost reduction, consolidated public warehousing would be the best alternative to explore. This is because the overall initial costs are considerably reduced using this option. This would be achieved since the company would not need to make any fixed investments of its own.

San Bushmen of the Kalahari Desert

The San Bushwork force of the Kalahari Desert A well-known foraging community in the southwest region of Africa is the San Bushmen. These hunting and gathering bands work lived in the Kalahari Desert region for thousands of years. The men of these communities ar the primary hunters, who provide about 20 percent of the diet from the animals they kill. The women collect a miscellaneous nuts, tubers, melons, and berries that provide the other 80 percent of the San diet (Nowak & Laird, 2010).The San live in one of the most fringy environments in the world and generally move around in bands when hunting or while abject around to find body of water or food about two to three ms a week. Women put up collect enough food in one day to feed their families for a beneficial week, while men hunt two or three days a week. Vegetation is arrange in the same place every year, whereas animals are less reliably found in a particular location. Thus, womens knowledge about reliable locations t o find food is respected and seriously considered.The rest of the time is spent in leisurely pursuits visiting, playing, sleeping, and just enjoying each others company (Lee, 1979). Like other foragers, have umpteen hours of free time for leisure activities, including socializing with their kin and friends. San men vary widely in their attainment at hunting, but different levels of success do not lead to differences in status. Self-deprecation and understatement are stringently required of the hunter after a successful hunt. This modesty is evident from the moment he enters the liquidation to relay his news.Although an energetic man might be a successful hunter, he is the owner of the centerfield only if the spear or cursor utilize to kill the animal was his. A man who does not excel at hunting can therefore be successful by giving an arrow he made to another hunter. If his arrow was used in the kill, he is considered the owner of the meat (Shostak, 1981). When flavor general ized reciprocity from the outside, one would think a hunter, who chooses to share his kill among others is being very generous. However, the genuine reason behind this is that it enhances their survival. Without collectively sharing, the San conduct would be much harder.This way of life helps relieve tensions and strengthens their bonds of kinship. reciprocity helps foragers in the way of a safety net. If a community loses a food or water source, they can ask another community to share theirs. As far as ownership is concerned, the San, have rights to waterholes, and if others want to use the waterhole, they must get permission. By sharing the use of the waterhole, the community receiving the water leave behind reciprocate in the future with other goods or services. Other forms of ownership include tools, such as blowpipes, darts, digging sticks, and animals.Today, the San are having trouble maintaining their identity, their traditions and their cultures. The land that was once f ree to them is being taken away and used for game reserves and other purposes. Forcing them to move from their lands disrupts and weakens their kinship. Kinship in todays society can go either way. It can be cohesive or disconnected due to the nature or patterns of how the relationship was built. If a child for instance had a great relationship with his/her family while growing up, they are more likely to have a great relationship throughout their lives and continue respecting their family and others.If the opposite applies, as it unfortunately happens in todays world, they grow up to believe that they are an island and if they do not take care of themselves, no one else will. References Nowak, B. , & Laird, P. (2010). Cultural anthropology. San Diego, Bridgepoint Education, Inc. https//content. ashford. edu. Lee, R. (1979). The Kung San Men, women and work in a foraging society. Melbourne, Australia Cambridge University Press. Shostak, M. (1981). Nisa The life and words of a Kung woman. New York Vintage.

Essay on John Keats

Endymion is one of Keats early adventures in poetry. The poem reflects Keats attitude to beauty. Endymion is a early days renowned for his beauty and his perpetual sleep. As he slept in Mount Latmus in Caria, his beauty warm up the cold hearts of Seleue (the Moon) who came down to him, kissed him and lay by his side. His eternal sleep on Latmus is assigned to distinguishable causes but it is generally believed that Seleue had sent him to sleep that she might be able to kiss him. Keats has authorizedly do use of the allegory of Endymion to explore his own way to realize the truth that is beauty (Hewlett, 1949). But the myth remains only the framework. Keats invents quite a lot. Aileen Ward (1963) in this connection saysthe legend of Endymions triumphant immortal youth through the love of the Moon Goddess was only the graduation or rather the conclusion he had to fill up his four books with living characters, set them moving in a field of their own and breathe new meaning in to the old legend.And this meaning he does, indicate at the beginning of the poemA thing of beauty is a joy of everIts loveliness increases it allow for neverPass into cipher but still will keepA bower quite for us, and a sleepFull of sweet dreams, and health and quite breathing.The newspaper of the poem is love, beauty and youth. He starts this marvelous adventure laden with exotic scenery, in mid April and locates it aptly in the Isle of Wight So Ill begin flat while I cannot hear the cities direNow while the early hudders are just new,And run in mazes of the youngest hewAbout old forests while the willow trailsIts exquisite ambrer and the dairy pailsBring home increase of milkThere are certainly inspired pieces in the rootage book as Hymn of Pan. It begins after a description of the Festival of the God, which held on a lawn in a forest on a slope of Mount Latmus. The whole assembly is addressed by the old priest who tells the worshippers of the bounties which Pan has heaped upon them. The imagery is well chosen to explain the manifestation of Gods energy. All the objects are described in happy phrases. The God is associated with the objects of nature, e real aspect which imagination, hunting for the objectively mysterious, can comprehend. The Hymn ends in the lines in which Pan is The unimaginable lodgeFor solitary thinkings such as dodgeConception to the very Bourne of HeavenThen leave the naked brain.The style of Endymion is largely that of I Stood Tip-Toe and Sleep and Poetry. This is luscious, half powder-puff and often beautiful (Roe, 1997). There is a distinct growth, of course, in craftsmanship but the most all important(p) point about Keats at this state is his depth and breath of philosophic apprehension of myth. If we try to inquisition for the meaning of the poem in the organism of the structure, the divided self of Keats might be clearer, though it will affirm his inclination on the realistic side even at this stage. The control in certa in portions of the poem is uncertain partly because Keats was a young and undisciplined artist (Steinhoff, 1987). Up to the last moment, the paladin as well as the poet till the last moment of his life is subject to conflicting desires.As a matter of fact, there is ambiguity in the poem. The poems ending is presented in highly enigmatic way and it could be interpreted on two different levels. On the mythological level, the maid Indian Maiden is only the Goddess in a disguise to test Endymions fidelity. This is a fairy relation device. So when Endymion seems to give up human love and asserts his devotion to things of light the maiden turns back into the Goddess and rewards him with the immortality of lovemaking promised in the myth (Hewlett, 1949).To conclude, the real significance of the poem lies in search of truth, through the bare-circumstance of this legend. Keats was the first poet in English who found a human meaning in the myth. He did not fit myths into an allegorical pattern as Elizabethans did or did not only use them to decorative effect as the eighteenth Century people did. Keats contribution lies in finding that the Greek myths were relevant to our inner experiences.ReferencesHewlett, Dorothy. 1949. A feeling of throne Keats, Hurst & Blackett, pp.325-326.Roe, Nicholas, 1997. John Keats and the Culture of Dissent, Oxford Clarendon Press.Steinhoff, Stephen. 1987. Keatss Endymion A Critical Edition, The Whitston Publishing Company, Troy, New York, pp.295-300.Ward, Eileen. 1963. John Keats The Making of a Poet, New York.

Oceans and Atmosphere Worksheet Essay

The Oceans1. What is the composition of sea piss?The salinity of sea irrigate ranges from 3.3 to 3.7%. When seawater evaporates it leaves behind sodium chloride, better known as table salt. The other components of seawater be acquired by means of various methods. adept of which is weathering. Chemical weathering of rock releases soluble such as salts of sodium, potassium, and sulfur.2. What ar the three major layers (zones) found in the oceanic?Describe each layer briefly. The three layers of the ocean ar the advance layer, the thermocline, and the deep zone. The surface layer goes up to 100 meters deep and consists of low density, impassioned water. In the thermocline temperatures decrease rapidly as it extends to depths of 1500 meters. The deep zone main(prenominal)tains a cold temperature of about -2 degrees Celsius and extends to the ocean floor beyond the thermocline.3. What is an ocean period?Surface ocean currents atomic number 18 caused by winds. Wind presses on t he oceans surface and forces the water to move along with it. These currents range from 50 to 100 meters in depth and ar contained to the surface layer. thick ocean currents are caused by several factors including temperature and salinity, which accounts for the waters density.4. How do oceans regulate climate? in that respect are several ways in which the oceans regulate the climate. The oceans act as a sink for lavishness carbon dioxide which helps to regulate the greenhouse effect. Also there is a heat exchange that occurs within the ocean that is extremely important. peeing can be heated more(prenominal) efficiently by the suns rays rather than land. The suns rays can penetrate much further into the water. Water has a higher heat capacity than land. Latent heat too plays a role, as water is frozen heat is released and as water in unfrozen heat is absorbed.5. What causes a change in sea level?The changes in sea level can be contributed to the addition or entailment of wate r to the oceans. The additions come from the melting of stored water that come in the form of glaciers and ice caps during times of spheric warming. Subtraction comes from the removal of water to land based frozen forms during times of global cooling.6. What causes ocean tides?Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of both the moon and the sun. The moon being closer has a greater effect on tides. Water on the side of terra firma closest to the moon bulges toward the moon. at that place is also a bulge away from the moon on the opposite side of the Earth.7. What is the relationship between nursing home tectonics and the ocean floorseafloor spreading, for example?8. What are different ways that earth materials are travel around in the oceans?Surf is a powerful force. It causes erosion and moves sediment from one location to another. Currents are another manner in which materials are transported through the ocean system. There is a longshore current and a beach drift responsibl e for disturbing and transporting materials.9. What are the different types of shorelines?Describe each type briefly. There is a rocky coast, lowland beach and barrier island, as well as coral reef. A rocky coast describes the most common type of costal area. This is where there are vertical curl up cut cliffs and horizontal bench cut cliffs. The erosion undermines the cliffs and sends the resulting debris into the ocean forming rough outcroppings. Beaches are not only the sand areas on land they extend into the sand in the surf zone. During low tide, littoral zone are sometimes blown onto land creating dunes or barrier islands. A coral reef is organize in an area where temperatures exceed 18 degrees Celsius but do not exceed 30. Also they are organise only at or above sea level. Coral is a limestone reef formed by a colony of organisms which secrete calcium carbonate as their skeletal material.10. Why do waves change as they approach shorelines?A wave changes as it approaches sh ore due to the fact that a wave exists not only on the surface but also below water. As a wave approaches shore it comes into contact with the sh bothow sea floor and this begins to distort the loop shape of the water movement. It causes the wave height to increase while the wavelength shortens.Atmosphere1. What is the composition of the Earths melodic phrase? bank line is what envelopes the Earth. Air is invisible and typically odorless. Air has two highly viable components that are aerosols and water vapor. Aerosols are liquid and solid particles so small that they remain suspended. Water vapor in air is express in terms of humidity. When ignoring aerosol and water vapor these gasses, termed dry air, are present and known as nitrogen, oxygen, and argon. There are more gases that make up a very minute portion of the atmosphere but play a vital role known as carbon dioxide, neon, and six others.2. What are the four major layers of the Earths atmosphere?Describe each layer briefly. There is the Troposphere, the Stratosphere, the Mesosphere, and the Thermosphere. The Troposphere contains 80% of all actual mass of the atmosphere. It is also the layer where all weather phenomenon take place. Most all heat absorbing gases reside here. The Stratosphere contains 19% of all atmospheres mass. The Mesosphere and Thermosphere together contain only 1% of the atmospherical mass. The thermosphere absorbs short ultraviolet wavelengths. The Mesosphere absorbs medium wavelengths. The Stratosphere absorbs long wavelengths.3. What is the greenhouse effect?The greenhouse effect is how the Earths surface is heated. Greenhouse gasses such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, and methane absorb some of the outgoing invisible terrestrial radiation and prevent it from escaping.4. How would you describe the ozone layer?Why is the ozone layer important? The ozone layer is a protective area in the outer three layers of theatmosphere that protect the earth from harmful radiation by blockin g particular wavelengths.5. What is the relationship among the Earths atmosphere, the sun, and the rotation of the Earth?The sun heats the Earths atmosphere and makes it a habitable planet. The earth is a sphere so the sun cannot warm every place on earth at once. This issue is solved by the earths rotation and its rotation around the Sun.6. What is the Coriolis effect?The Coriolis effect causes anything that moves freely with respect to the rotating earth to veer shoot a straight path. This can be demonstrated through long range missile launches that train been known to land far from their intended targets due to the earths rotation.7. How would you define climate? temper is an average of weather patterns over a long period of time, generally on a regional or global scale.8. How does the atmosphere regulate climate?Atmosphere regulates climate through weather patterns created through the greenhouse effect. This process creates heat within water vapors and other gasses that are th e main bring factors in weather. Also the filtration of wavelengths by the upper atmospheres keeps the earths climate at a more even temperature.9. What are the six global climate zones?What are the main climate effects on people and the environment? The six climate zones are tropical, dry, temperate-humid, cold-humid, polar, and highland. Each zone is driven by solar energy which drives temperature, seasonality, precipitation which in turn fosters vegetation, . These factors make a zone habitable or non habitable.10. How do the oceans and the atmosphere interact?The oceans provide a great deal of moisture for the atmosphere. This moisture is a main component in heat exchange which leads to weather patterns. Water is in constant motion and plays a vital roles in the regulation of the atmosphere.

Masculinity portrayed in “The Great Gatsby” Essay

masculinity is a fountainhead known stereotype that often defines men as being tough, strong, and having no emotions. In most cases, their last tends to identify their level of masculinity. In The Grapes of vexation by John Steinbeck, The Great Gatsby by Scott F. Fitzgerald, and The Glass zoo by Tennessee Williams, the male characters create their identities through their abilities to provide for their families. In these three texts, the males portray their masculinity by their roles as head of the family and their work and wealthiness.As a tradition in valet de chambrey cultures, the males assume the fleck as head of the family. In most cases, their family responsibilities and obligations establish their masculinity. Pa was the head of the family now (Steinbeck 139). In The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck, Pa became the leader of the family after Grandpa died. Pa took over Grandpas role in the family and was responsible for the whole family in result. Traditionally, the pos ition of the family leader is passed down to the eldest male. Similar to Pa in The Grapes of Wrath, tomcat in The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams, demonstrated his masculinity as the head of the sept after his father had abandoned the family.I mean that as soon as Laura has got somebody to progeny care of her, married, a star sign of her own, independent Why, then youll be free to go wherever you please, on land, on sea, whichever way the wind blows you (Williams 35). Tom is obligated to support his family, especially his crippled sister Laura, until she finds a husband. Because Tom was the only male in his sister and mothers lives, he had to assume household responsibilities, as most men did for their families. Ultimately, Pa and Tom expose their masculinity by obtaining the duties of being in charge of their families.Customarily, a mans masculinity is defined through his wealth, occupation, or means of work. Throughout society, it is a stereotype that if a man makes a s ufficient amount of capital and has a job that easily supports himself and or his family, he is masculine. If he has a small, not so important, low earning job, then he is typically considered less masculine. In The Grapes of Wrath, Pa struggles to prove his masculinity. Well what the hell am I gonna do? Were out of bullion. One of my boys got a petty job but that wontfeed us. (Steinbeck 374). Pa gets frustrated because hes helpless when it comes to work. He does not chance like he is supporting his family, therefore he feels like he is masculinity is diminishing. Different from Pa, Tom and Gatsby in The Great Gatsby are able to successfully display their masculinity by the amount of wealth that they have.Tom Buchanans arrogance and pride that he shows toward his wealth seems to prove his masculinity to his mistress Myrtle. They are twain hung up on his money and Tom likes to flaunt it. Because Tom is wealthy, Myrtle sees him as the perfect gentleman. dickens shining arrogant eyes had established dominance over his face (Fitzgerald 7). Tom is described as being clearly aware of his power and manliness. Like Tom, Jay Gatsby also has a large fortune. The fact that Mr. Gatsbys money is entirely earned from work, unlike Tom whose money is passed down through the family, also displays masculinity. His gorgeous home and lavish parties provided by his abundant wealth makes the community realize how much he earns, which otherwise depicts his masculinity.Masculinity is identified in The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck, The Great Gatsby by Scott F. Fitzgerald, and The Glass Menagerie by Tennessee Williams, through the male characters abilities to support their families, which also touches upon their jobs and wealth. In modern society, while masculinity still seems to be based on a mans ability to provide for his family, the type of job he has, or the money that he earns, it plays a crucial and distinctive role in the way that people view men. Overall, it classif ies their level of manliness. Furthermore, men tend to strive to gain these qualities that illustrate masculinity, as it is portrayed in these three novels.

Procurement Management Paper Essay

INTRODUCTION T here atomic number 18 organizations those who manufacture products (or services) in bulk and then send their finish goods into the market. To manufacture goods in huge quantity, the companies usually want materials, accessories, and equipments etc that are used for the production form. Most of the companies dont throw away these raw materials. So what they do is constrict these goods from the recognized suppliers, those who merchantman get the company with their desired goods, in quantity wanted and in time. So what companies do they contract suppliers and get the raw materials.PROCUREMENT As discussed in the introduction paragraph that companies do when they direct raw materials for production. So this military operation of purchasing the raw materials and related goods is called Procurement or Acquisition. Thus, procural in basic terms can be called as the operation of purchasing of raw materials for the process of production. The procurement can be direct and indirect. The Direct includes the acquiring of products, and Indirect includes services, maintenance of the acquired goods. So managing and discussion the procurement related issues is called Procurement Management.As we know that organizations, especially the manufacturing tightens, follow the concept of Supply stove Management, which includes the raw materials selected for manufacturing till it last-placely get available for the consumers. Most of authors, take procurement as the first phase of the Supply mountain range. Most of the fuddleds have dedicated procurement incisions, which deals with procurement related issues and post-procurement activities. The virtually basic task of procurement is to ensure that manufacturing department gets supplies on time and in described quantity.The time of supplies is an important issue because the materials must reach production on time, JIT and it all reduces the cost of inventory. The procurement department also needs to mak e descent with the suppliers. In many firms, there are many suppliers, providing with contrastive materials. These suppliers might have their own suppliers as well. So procurement management also include the maintaining relationship with suppliers and their tiers.PROCUREMENT PROCESS The procurement process constitute of the related activates that are used in the process of acquiring the goods. The procurement process is somewhat similar for organization, i.e. military, natural resource manufacturing firms etc. However, the complexity of the process might be different depending upon the size of the firm. A well established firms need to give accent on the procurement process, and there are aims that are the procurement department needs to ensure. First of the company, need to see weather the quantity and quality of the materials are according to described requirements.The department needs to hinderance that are materials are good shape, are meeting the technical aspect, and acco rding to quality requirements. The second objective is to check time schedule. As already discussed earlier, the aim to receive goods before the schedule deadline. Most of the firms get supplies before the time, but in process the quality of goods are compromised. So it is better to deliver on time, and in good quality. And the last objective, and often considered as the nearly, is the cost issue. In this process, the main aim to have least cost, but that should meet the previous requirements of quality, technical aspects, time etc. It is not necessary that firm go for cheapest supplies. The cost can go high, if the goods supplied are of good nature.PROCUREMENT STEPS Now as we have discussed the criteria that procurement department needs to keep in mind when checking the supplies. Now, let us go through the mistreats that firms follow when they fill the suppliers, from which they acquire supplies. To explain this process, I would select a firm, for which we would select the suppl iers. The firm is have chosen is manufacturer of clothes, especially T-shirts. Following is the steps that are The first step is identifying the goods (or services) that are required for manufacturing of the product. For this, the firm needs to define the materials required, along with description, which covers all the above-discussed objectives. For instance, in case of T-shirts, the major(ip) material that has to procure would be cloth. I would also have to tell the material required, i.e. cotton, polyester, silk etc. wherefore the quantity of material also has to define and similarly, the estimated cost that my firm is willing to pay. This step is also referred as evaluating the tenders. The second is to select the suppliers that are meeting the requirements, described in the first step. Then the suppliers are required to submit their Request for Proposals (RFP). The procurement department analyzes the proposals (RFPs) of the major suppliers and asks them for their Request for Q uotations (RFQs). So what our firm would so here is find the bidders that clearing the requirements that we have asked for. The third step is to ask for the qualified suppliers to prepare their bid proposal. The procurement department will analyze the proposal of candidates. The suppliers to do this activity are given time by the firm. In case of our, we the department will go though their cost along with the requirements. Actually, the firm starts that auctioning process. The stern and often considered as the main step is which evaluate the final bidders that are offering supplies at the most reasonable price. The firm looks at their past reputation and records. The process is often complex in nature, as firm also need to view the quality of the supplies. In this process, the firm selects the final supplier. Once the firm has selected the final suppliers, the step of making contract with the supplier comes. In this process, the firm needs to go for final agreement with the firm an d all issues are discuss. A formal document as a evidence is signed among the firms, which is according to contract act. The time period of the contract is also discussed in this phase. The mode of hire is also settled. The final step is the formal closing of contract. The closing of contract require the some activities to fulfill. We can say that when exchange of supplies and payment is made, the formal closing of contract place. In case of firm, the contract closes away when that we receive all materials i.e. clothes and payment of the material is made. Both the parties need to sort of issues. But in worst case, if issues go unsettled, any party can take the other party to court and bat this in legal way.Post-Procurement Activities There are activities that are related to post-procurement period i.e. once the purchase has been done, the activities much(prenominal) as maintenance, repairing and operating services (MROs) take place. These activities are related to indirect proc urement. For instance, we have agreed with our suppliers to give us with MROs, and now evaluating their performance we have an option of renewal of the same suppliers, if we are satisfied with their performance. culture The procurement management is considered as one of the main phase of firms supply chain management, which is responsible with the goods used for manufactures. Thus, we may call procurement as heart of supply chain management. The firms need to emphasis on procurement policies and try to adapt to new technologies that are helping them managing procurement activities.ReferencesQuentin Fleming (2003) working class Procurement Management Contracting, Subcontracting, Teaming. Fmc PressFred, C.P.M. Sollish, John, C.P.M. Semanik (2007) The Procurement and Supply Managers Desk Reference. Wiley

Tourism and Hospitality Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Tourism and Hospitality Research - Essay ExampleResearch armed service shammers in the hospitality industry to understand the best ways provide services for customers. Primary explore aids in gathering of information used in books and the abide byive fields across the globe. art object the benefits of inquiry are obvious, it is still debatable if in that location is such a thing as undefiled research. Because of the value laden reputation of research, subjectivity of facts, and bias of researchers, I agree with Griffiths assertion there is no hope of doing perfect research (Griffiths, 1998, p97). I argue that despite the absence of perfect research, researchers should be design, and provide information that is helpful for the tourism industry. Coherent and functional research is achievable through objectivity, respect of rules and ethics and emphasis on validity. 2. My Research Approach Positive Paradigm For my research, I chose Positivism as my picture. The positive parad igm accrues from the ideas of French Philosopher August Comte. Comte observed that observation and reasons are essential to understanding charitable behavior. He emphasized the role of experience of senses accrued after repeated observation and experiments. Positivist thinkers chance on with Comtes views because they enhance knowledge acquisition by embodying science as an instrumental tool of research. Determinism, empiricism, parsimony, and stimulus generalisation are key facets of the positive paradigm. Determinism argues that human events are caused by circumstances. Understanding circumstances is, therefore, critical for a substantial research work. Empiricism premises on the use of evidence to support theories. Parsimony implies that explanations for research should be brief and concise (Dash, 2012). Even though positive paradigm has been influential in organization research, it has been criticized for its lack of acknowledgement for side issues such as ingrained state of individuals, the assumption that human nature is passive, and it is under the prerogative of the external environment (Hossard, 1993). 3. Why Positive Paradigm? Positive paradigm emphasizes objective approach while carrying out research. It also encourages the use of experiments and analysis subject to quantitative and qualitative data. despite its limitation such as the emphasis on the environment as a key player of occurrences, and the assumption that human nature is passive, positive paradigm provides the best platform upon which a study on tourism and hospitality can be undertaken (Anderson, 1998). I considered the following questions before I chose the positive paradigm as my preferred research method. What are my social phenomena? Is my opinion on tourism and hospitality subjective or objective What are the sources of knowledge for this study? Can more sources be created? What is the relationship surrounded by tourism and hospitality and the environment? I realized that pos itive paradigm provided the best strategy for set about this research. First, because the positive paradigm encourages the discovery of new facts dues its objectivity, it creates room for me to inject my personal discoveries. Second, because of tourism and hospitalitys a direct correlation with the environment, I figured that the environment would be an influential player in the research. I also realized that in this industry, key sources of information

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TV NEWS INSTRUCTIONS - Term Paper Example instanterThis, as employ on picture and radio, is a suggestion that the new thinker has nothing to do with the original idea that existed. A newscaster usually tries to shift individuals attention from the original thing.Postman has been passionate in explaining how the newscasters get down been deviating from the context, this he explains in the metaphor, no particular object is attacked, he uses other objects like the idiot box as the metaphor in explaining some thoughts. The thought of deviating from the main context is explained giving a taken for granted(predicate) explanation (Postman, pp 112-167). For example, the story about a childs murder appeared in the news, this was only explained in only 40 five seconds than the newscaster says And nowthis when introducing segment on a local brake sale, these two diametric stories aerate next to each other can be seen as insulting the first story, although it has now been peoples foreth ought when receiving the news.The metaphor has been utilize to describe the common discourse of the television age. When watching a story in a television, a lot of commercial brakes are in between the stories these are used to lessen the reflection on particular experiences (Kenney, pp67-119). Changing channels also means getting different stimuli this shortens the time used to reflect on what meaning the stimuli has on peoples lives. In his comparison of the culture of NowThis, to forms like schizophrenia, Postmans implication was that individuals have no cohesive identity in such a world, alternatively, we have a collection of unrelated experiences, non-directional, since the information is void of context (Postman, pp 112-167).Practical implications to the dangers of common discussion to the television age include the dangers it will pose on children. The children are introduced to multitasking while neglecting being attentive, multitasking will at its best while attention will be at its worst.

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Pick a chemical industry or al-Quran chapter - Essay ExampleModern technology, as we know it today, greatly dep eat ups on silicon-based products. The majority of building stone, clays and silicon dioxide are the silicon products and vastly used in the construction industry. Glass, polymers, silicon-metals and ceramics and semiconductors made from silicon are offset cost allow for high quality packaging (Wilamowski & Irwin 145). The final commodities of silicon are absolutely obligatory in the modern world because of our immense dependence on this section. If silicon based commodities are of a sudden the world economy might collapse. Technology and construction industry cannot survive without silicon-based products. Structural compounds such as silicate minerals or silica, likewise known as crude silicon dioxide, form the backbone of the construction industry. Portland cement is a crucial and commodity of silicon. It is usually combined with gravel and sand to make concrete. Silicon is also used to make a ceramic called firebrick. Natural aluminium phyllosilicates forms an essential component of the whiteware ceramics. Similarly porcelain is ofttimes used in art projects and for domestic purposes. Silica-based soda lime glass or the common glass that is used in homes is also a silicon product. And finally fiberglass, glass fibers and optical fibers (including glassful) are the end products of silicon element that form the backbone in ceramics industry. The majority of industry produced silicon is kept in ferrosilicon alloy form. About 15% of the worlds production of metallurgical grade silicon is used in semiconductors. The element used for this purpose is highly refined and only forms a fraction of the total production. Silicons crystalline nature gives it significant electrical and mechanical advantages (Maluf & Williams 13). The monocrystalline silicon form is used in integrate circuits and in terms of leverage (comparing the quantity produced agai nst its usage) the highly refined form is extremely valuable in the electronics

Civil Engineering Consulting in Project Development Essay

Civil engineer Consulting in Project Development - Essay ExampleFor any toil, the importance of various consultants go out differ in different stages. During the inception and feasibility, the importance of Quantity Surveyor is very crucial. He manages all the costs relating to the project. He leave alone be responsible to prep be early stage budgets and detailed cost plans including repair and criminal maintenance and to check whether the project is feasible. He bequeath also be responsible to bring in systems into the projects which go out include control systems, allocation of work to the subcontractors and he willing also be doing the job of preparing tenders and will involve himself in the negotiation process to make sure that the budgets are not exceeded. His work will be continuing throughout the project with valuing the finished work and arranging for the payments. (www.prospects.ac.uk)The Landscape Architect comes into the project along with the Quantity surveyor. H e is the one who creates a commitful and attractive outdoor environment. (www.payscale.com)He will be the person who will plan and design the land areas for all the projects. They make topographic surveys. These surveys show the bloom of the land, the exposure to the wind, height of the land at different points and the traffic etc and make recommendations on the proper use of land. He then produces the detailed drawings so that the project gets its shape. (http//careers.stateuniversity.com) Their work is also involved in the final stages of completion. The Architects along with the Landscape architects stays right from the office selection until the completion of the project. He involves himself in calculating new buildings and made plans for the other places around the buildings. He will involve himself with the discussions with other members so thats the obligatory designs can be obtained which complies with all the safety requirements. Right from consulting about the design s, preparing the design proposals, he will counsel the client on the practicality of the proposed project. He will make detailed drawings based on the budget and cadence frames specified. Based on these drawings only, the costs of the projects are made. He will be responsible to make site visits and check whether the projects progress is within the specified time scale. Any design problems during defect inspection, which arises during the project will be taken care of by him. (www.prospects.ac.uk)The civil engineer is the main person for any project. These engineers are responsible for many daily activities. The civil engineer will analyze the proposed site location as well as the entire construction job and ensure that the plan fits the location. They write the detailed reports and suppose out what needs to be changed and modified and with proper approval, finalize it and check whether the changes are made. He will follow the project right from the initial stages and will ensure that the procedure is being followed based on the safety measurements. The civil engineer is the key contact person for any construction project and he will answer the questions by people involved in the project. They have to follow all the rules and regulations carefully as the project might get stalled at any point its not complying with the same. So his intention is very crucial. (www.exforsys.com)

American economics history exam Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

American economics history exam - Assignment ExampleThe action of national Reserve to raise interest rates hoping to slow the rapid rise in stock prices down(p) interest-sensitive spending in institutions such as automobile purchases and construction. In addition, it resulted to the crash of the stock market, thus reduction the American aggregate demand substantially. The U.S. government has centralized great power and responsibility in angiotensin converting enzyme institution, which is the Federal Reserve in making significant decisions in relation to the economy.The significance of having a readable and secure property rights as it gives people the exclusive right of using their options as they see stand for (James 16). The fact that individuals are the dominion of their property, they take full account of the entire costs and benefits of employing those resources in a specific manner. The process in which they weigh costs and benefits produces efficient outcomes therefore, translating into more prominent standards of living. However, in the digest decades, during the history of modern economics, economists did not see the importance of property rights. Property rights impact the efficiency of resource allocation whereby the limit expropriation and facilitate market transactions. Moreover, they enhance investment incentives by limiting expropriation risk and cut down motive of diverting private resources in order to protect property. For an instant in U.S., the government has developed policies that protect the individuals property rights in order for these individuals to trade in assets and improve collateralization of those assets. In the American history, mingled with 1870s to 1930s, there were battles on business property because the judiciary saw that it was necessary to protect the general welfare (James 17).The problems with the Articles of Confederation were that the Articles were not precisely accurate or exact in an absolute sense. It is in the sense that when the Articles are viewed in a

Nursing research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Nursing research - Essay sampleso improved the organization as a whole since its HCAHPS scores ease up improved collectable to the solutions that I have developed, planned, and weaponed to success. Significantly, the lessons learnt has impacted my level of acquaintance and skills that have equipped my practice with authoritative tools that will help me achieve success in my career.Journal entries are important in parcel an individual complete their work by incorporating all the steps involved in the process of develop a project. In this case, it is important to point out that a step-by-step entry of the process of exploitation the process was important in including all the steps that necessitated the planning and consequent implementation of the project. While the overall objective of these journal entries was to help me achieve my objectives of the project by developing an effective implementation plan, it is crucial to point out that the journal entries provided me with the skills of being an effective planner by organizing my work. The knowledge and skills learnt will be crucial in my future practice since I will be able to develop and implement solutions based on the entries that I will be making in my journals, which will help me circulate my nursing career.While the journal was crucial during my practicum and the consequent implementation of the project, it is crucial to point out that a continuous check out of my practicum journal entries will be crucial in providing insights on the approaches that I should have taken to achieve a higher level of success than the one I achieved. In this case, the review will provide me with revelations about strategies that I used and were not appropriate at the time of implementing the project. new(prenominal) than this, a future review will also provide me with the approaches that I would have used to take modifications, which I cannot be able to identify at the moment. In this case, the development of a set of knowledge and skills based on the review of the practicum journal

Connected the Education in Technology essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Connected the Education in technology - Essay ExampleThis revealed that the technological changes are taking place at a faster rate compared to the previous years and its integration in to the education organization is something that substructurenot be delayed or postponed. This because integrating engineering science into the educational system has a number of advantages including providing access to more information sources, makes it relative easier to supervise learning processes and results in trim back costs when compared against traditional forms of education.The main aim of writing the assay was to explain the manner in which applied science should be integrated into education and the advantages that this can provide for educational processes. The essay mainly dwelled on the advantages and benefits that are associated with integrating technology into educational processes. Some of the advantages that were identified in the essay included the event that it can lead to reduction in costs, it can result in changes and new patterns for library services and the fact that it can result in change in vision and awareness of users of the system among other benefits. Additionally, the essay to a fault mentioned some of the ways through which technology can be integrated in to the educational system and the ramifications for students after when they enter the job market after going through the education system. On the other hand, there are also some views of people who do not consider technology to be beneficial to education that are also included in this essay. Even though there are clear advantages to integrating technology in educational practices, the views developed by the critics are also compelling since they explain explicitly the manner in which they fail to be beneficial.The Ethical Reasoning Technology in Education was intended for a complex audience that included college students as well as college professors as it dwelled with the ethical qua ndary of technology in regards to education and future career preparation.

Motivation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Motivation - Essay Example well-nigh of these theories build on the work of Abraham Maslow conducted in the 1940s. His studies into human personality included attempts to understand motivation. He organize a list of five levels of motivation in order of importance from physiological through galosh, love, and measure to the top level of self-actualization. At the physiological level, people ar concerned with obtaining their physical selects - food, air, water, and shelter. At the safety level, the concern shifts to protecting and supporting the family. While love can refer to the kind of quixotic relationship some people think when they see the work, in Maslows hierarchy of involve model it refers to the need to be accepted as a member of a group. Esteem and self-actualization may seem alike the same thing, but esteem refers to having a sense of self-respect while self-actualization refers to the development of wisdom (Maslow, 1987). Maslows ultimate conclusion that the highe st levels of self-actualization are transcendent in their nature may be virtuoso of his most cardinal contributions to the study of human behavior and motivation (Daniels, cited in Huitt, 2004). In most illustrations of this model, the various stages are represented as individual steps on a pyramid of possibility with physical needs at the base and self-actualization at the peak. The reason for this depiction is due to Maslows belief that all of the elements in one level must be achieved before the individual can move on to the next level. It is important to have this history, because it forms the base upon which or against which later theorist worked. Working in the late 1950s and 1960s, Frederick Herzberg built his two-factor possibility from Maslows model trying to learn new ways to motivate employees. He discovered that employees were not incite just by having their low-level needs met and suggested employers who wanted to improve performance should work to also target high-l evel motivators. Motivator or intrinsic factors, such as achievement and recognition, produce job satisfaction. hygiene or extrinsic factors, such as pay and job security, produce job dissatisfaction (Herzberg, Mausner & Snyderman, 1959). Although he renamed and class the levels into hygiene and motivator macro-levels, the same basic levels from Maslow can be discovered within as physiology and safety needs become hygiene and esteem and self-actualization become motivators. Organizations employing Herzbergs theory understand pay increases, bonuses, and other inducements related to the job intended to satisfy low-level needs will not motivate workers. Instead, just focalization on meeting these needs tends to encourage employees to seek employment elsewhere. Organisations such as Tesco base their operations on this theory, giving employees a chance to participate in decision-making, holding forums to gain employee input, and encouraging severe organisation-wide communication. The se are all strategies designed to meet high-level needs such as belonging, esteem,